980 nm Diode Laser: A Good Choice for the Treatment of Pyogenic Granuloma

Abstract

Pyogenic granuloma is a benign non/neo plastic mococutanous lesion . It is a reactional response to constant minor trauma and can be related to hormonal changes. Several methods can be applied to remove PG like surgery electrocauterisation and laser treatment. We report our experience for the treatment of two cases with pyogenic granuloma with diode laser 980 nm. Patients reported no pain or swelling after the treatment. The wounds were completely healed without scarring, providing good aesthetic results. Diode laser 980 nm is a good modality for the management of pyogenic granuloma.

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Frequency of Some of Oro-Facial Developmental Disturbances & Abnormalities among the Newborns in Kerman, Iran: A Retrospective Study

 

Abstract

Aim: Oro-facial and cranial malformations are important health problems in children. These abnormalities are major cause of infant mortality and childhood complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral, facial and cranial abnormalities in newborns in Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran.

Materials & Methods: All cases of newborns were reviewed, and oral, facial, and cranial abnormalities were recorded in a checklist. The information in the checklist consists of two parts:

a) Information about the mother including age, maternal health status before delivery and type of delivery.

b) Information about the newborn (sex, weight, type of abnormality and health status of the newborn at birth). The results of the case review be analyzed by SPSS21 software.

Results: In this study, 6225 cases were reviewed, which includes 3015 normal deliveries (48.4%) and 3210 cesarean deliveries (51.6%). The most important results:

a) Head, cranium, and neck abnormalities & deformities: 3 newborns (0.048%)

b) Cleft lip and palate: 3 newborns (0.048%). Natal teeth: 2 newborns (0.032%). Facial asymmetry: 3 newborns (0.048%)

Conclusion: The prevalence of cesarean delivery in Kerman is high. Prevalence of natal teeth and cleft lip and/or palate is almost similar to many of countries

Keywords: Abnormality; Cesarean delivery; Newborn; Natal teeth; Cleft lip; palate

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Has Covid-19 Global Pandemic Impacted Antibiotic Use Among High Caries Risk Children? Evidence from Preventive Oral Health Care Setting in Sri Lanka

 

Abstract

Background: Covid-19 global pandemic ravaged health and wealth of people in developed and developing countries crippling health care systems and economies across the globe. Despite countries resuming normalcy powered by mass scale immunization drives after battling sinister waves of Covid-19 epidemics, its pervasive impact is yet to be fully explored. Early childhood caries (ECC) ranks top among the leading chronic childhood diseases especially among high risk toddlers and children in developing countries and disadvantaged minority groups in developed countries. Covid-19 induced interruptions into preventive oral health care services compounded by lock-down related life-style changes fostering unhealthy dietary patterns were common scenarios in those troubled times. Against this backdrop, present study attempts to explore and expound the impact of Covid-19 milieu on antibiotic use among high caries risk toddlers and children attended a public preventive oral health care unit.

Method: The study design was retrospective, hospital based, and the study setting was the Preventive Oral Health Unit of the National Dental Hospital (Teaching) a premier, multispecialty, tertiary care public dental hospital in Sri Lanka. The patient statistics data base for the year 2019 was used as the pre-Covid-19 baseline, compared with the years of 2020 and 2021 affected by Covid-19 global pandemic. The proportionate episodes of child-patient visits needed antibiotics for dento-alveolar infections to the total number of child-patient visits from 1st January to 31st December each year and during peak Covid-19 periods in 2020 and 2021 were compared. Data were entered and analysed using SPSS-21 Statistical Software Package. Frequency distributions and descriptive statistics were used for data presentation. The means were compared by independent sample T-Test, Mann-Whitney U test and one-way ANOVA test of statistical significance after assessing the distribution of data by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro- Wilk tests of normality.

Results: In overall, there was a proportionate increase in presentation of symptomatic dento-alveolar infections to total visits during the peak periods of Covid-19 waves in 2020 & 2021 compared to respective months of pre-Covid 19 era (year 2019). The mean percentage proportion of prescribing antibiotics to total number of visits was 18.07 for the year 2019 whilst it was 31.25 and 32.73 for the years 2020 and 2021 respectively. Those indicated increased use of antibiotics in Covid-19 mileu compared to the baseline year. However, those differences did not reach statistical significance (p=0.078) in 3-year comparison. Nevertheless, there was a statistically significant increase (p=0.006) in percentage proportion of prescribing antibiotics to overall visits in 2021 compared to 2019 however, the increase of prescribing antibiotics in 2020 compared to 2019 did not reach statistical significance (p=0.319). Furthermore, comparisons of antibiotic use in months of peak Covid-19 epidemic periods in 2020 and 2021, with corresponding periods of pre-Covid 19 era showed statistically significant increases (p=0.007 and p=0.0001).

Conclusions: As evident from the findings, Covid-19 milieu in its peak periods, significantly impacted the use of antibiotics for dento-alveolar infections of high risk toddlers and children favouring an over- use, which could be attributed to interruptions to proactive preventive oral health care service utilization. As overuse of antibiotics could aggravate the existing global public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), this becomes a cause of concern. However, further studies are warranted to confirm the evidence generated from this study

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Access to Oral Health Services in School Children in Camaçari- Bahia- Brazil

 

Abstract

Objective: To describe access to oral health services in public schools in the age group from 2 to 19 years old, in the city of Camaçari, Bahia.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study involving the participation of 1321 parents of schoolchildren aged between 2 and 19 years old enrolled in public schools in Camaçari, a municipality in the interior of the state of Bahia with approximately 300,000 inhabitants. The collection of data identified in the years 2017 to 2019 and consists of a previous survey with oral parents in the population’s access to health services, as well as oral health habits. Participation was conditioned to the signing of an informed consent form by the parents/guardians.
Results: 19% of the study population were female. Most students (67.24%) are up to 10 years old, 32.76% were between 11 and 19 years old. Most 51.31% reported never having gone to the dentist. Almost all did not have dental plans (93.99%). There was significance in the chi-square test with the variables: sex (p-value= 0.00); having a dental plan (p-value= 0.00); and use of dental floss (p-value = 0.002).
Conclusion: The lack of access to the health service demonstrates a need to prioritize the age group in health actions in the PNSB and PSE. A socio-demographic and socio-environmental heterogeneity of the target audience should be considered when being in education for the same health, intervention measures and becoming effective and comprehensive mainly by enabling access to oral health.

Keywords: Access of services; epidemiology, school children

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Treating Inflammatory Root Resorption Following Endodontic Regeneration – Case Repor

 

Abstract

Aim: To describe complication management following regenerative endodontics.
Introduction: Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are aimed to treat apical periodontitis and promote root maturation of immature necrotic teeth. Recently it was shown that REP may arrest inflammatory external root resorption (IERR) in replanted avulsed teeth. The purpose of this study is to describe a complication of REP in which IERR had been developed after REP treatment. Root Canal Treatment (RCT) using bio ceramic materials helped to arrest the IERR.
Methods: An eight-and-a-half-year-old girl was referred for treatment after avulsion of tooth #9 which has been splinted in a hospital for 2 weeks. After thorough examination tooth #9 was diagnosed as having necrotic pulp with symptomatic apical periodontitis. The tooth was treated by REP using plasma rich fibrin (PRF) and restored. Eight months later, IERR has begun. RCT using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug was performed. The resorption area was treated with bio ceramic putty material.
Results: 35 months after the treatment the tooth is functioning without signs and symptoms
Conclusions: The present case demonstrate a method in which a conservative RCT with some modification may arrest IERR using TCA. IERR may develop long time following REP treatment. A thorough long follow-up is needed after REP. An early detection of IERR may overcome this complication.
Key learning points: Although very rare, complication after REP such as IERR may occur, an early diagnosis of such complication may be resolved by modified conservative RCT.

Keywords: Avulsion; Bio ceramics, External inflammatory root resorption; Regenerative endodontics, Trichloroacetic acid

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Surgical Management of Massive Dentigerous Cyst in Mixed Dention- A Case Report

 

Abstract

A dentigerous cyst is an odontogenic cyst thought to be of developmental origin associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth. Such cysts remain initially completely asymptomatic unless when infected. It is detected clinically when becomes large and associated with swelling of the face. The purpose of this case report was to describe the diagnosis and management of a dentigerous cyst in an 8-year-old boy. The chosen treatment was cyst enucleation and tooth extraction.

Keywords: Dentigerous cyst; enucleation; Mixed dentition

Abbreviation: DC: Dentigerous Cyst

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Management of a Dentigerous Cyst in a 6-Year-Old Child – A Case Report

 

Abstract

Dentigerous cysts are epithelial in origin and most common odontogenic cysts. They are usually asymptomatic and hence diagnosed on radiological examination. The standard treatment for these cysts is enucleation and extraction of the affected teeth. This is a case report of a 6-year-old female patient with dentigerous cyst associated with a primary molar. The cyst was enucleated and unerupted premolars were removed from the lower left region. The patient was given a fixed functional band and loop postsurgical treatment. No recurrence was observed after 6months follow up.

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