Presentation of Untreated Dental Caries for Preventive Oral Health Care and Socio-Behavioural Attributes of Toddlers Attended a Public Dental Hospital in Sri Lanka

 

Abstract

Background: Rapidly progressive dental caries without treatment (untreated dental caries) among toddlers denotes one of the leading unmet health needs. Preventive oral health care is essential to address this need.

Aim: To assess untreated dental caries burden, socio-demographic attributes and oral health behaviours of toddlers ≤ 3-years who attended a premier tertiary care public dental hospital in Sri Lanka.

Design: Retrospective data were collected for 24-months period comprising socio-demographic, oral heath behaviours, untreated dental caries among toddlers ≤ 3-years attended the Preventive Oral Health Unit of National Dental Hospital (Teaching) Sri Lanka. Toddlers were grouped as having <6 and ≥ 6 untreated carious teeth.

Results: Of 236 toddlers aged ≤ 3-years, the majority was aged 2-3 years and represented all ethnic groups. The overwhelming majority of mothers were housewives whilst 41.5% of fathers were skilled/unskilled workers. As reported by parents, three fourths of toddlers were without previous dental visits, but practiced assisted tooth brushing twice daily. However, 68.2% indulged in daily cariogenic dietary pattern which was significantly associated with the high burden of untreated dental caries among toddlers (p=0.007).

Conclusions: Parents across all social strata should be educated and empowered on modifying the daily cariogenic dietary pattern to a healthy balanced diet and accessing preventive oral health care for their toddlers at risk of progressive dental caries.

Keywords:Early childhood caries; untreated dental caries; toddlers; preventive oral health care; Sri Lanka

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Potentially Malignant Disorders and Pediatric Dentistry : Review

 

Introduction

Precancerous lesions of oral mucosa, known as potentially malignant disorders in recent years, are consists of a group of diseases, which should be diagnosed in the early stage. Oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and oral erythroplakia are the most common oral mucosal diseases that have a very high malignant transformation rate.

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Reliability of Construction of Gonial Angle in Mixed Indian Population: OPG or Lateral Cephalogram – A Pilot Study

 

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the present study is to compare the measurement of gonial angles and vertical ramal length (both right and left) from OPG with the gonial angle and vertical ramal length measured from lateral cephalograms in a mixed Indian Population with Class I, II & III malocclusion. Settings and Design: The retrospective cross‑sectional diagnostic study was conducted after obtaining due approval from the institutional ethical committee.

Methods and Material: Gonial angle and ramal length was measured from 57 OPG and lateral cephalogram of orthodontic patients (26 females and 31 males). The patients were a heterogeneous group comprising of individuals from pan India.

Statistical analysis used: The analyses of descriptive statistics, reliability, analysis of variance and correlation was conducted with SPSS 20.0, IBM. The means based on malocclusion classes were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by comparison of correlation values using Pearson correlation. Gender differences were also compared using T-test. Post Hoc analysis could not be carried out due no statistically significant difference found through ANOVA.

Results: There was no statistical difference in the measurements of gonial angle made from OPG as compared to the same measurements made from a lateral cephalogram.

Conclusions: In addition to the conventional method of measuring the gonial angle and ramal length, OPG may also be used for their accurate measurement.

Keywords: OPG; lateral cephalogram; gonial angle; ramal length

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Gorlin Goltz Syndrome: Report of A Clinical Case with no Genetic Background

 

Abstract

First described in 1960 by pathologist Robert Gorlin and dermatologist Robert W Goltz of the University of Minnesota, USA, they provided the basis for the diagnosis of the syndrome, establishing basal cell carcinomas, keratocysts, and skeletal malformations as the primary criteria for the syndrome. Subsequently, authors such as Evans, Kimonis, and Bree established major and minor criteria for the correct diagnosis. According to the International Classification of Applied Diseases in Dentistry and Stomatology (ICD-AO), Gorlin Goltz Syndrome is classified within congenital anomalies and other hamartomatosis. It is caused by a mutation in chromosome 9q22.3 in the tumor suppressor Patched 1. This work presents the clinical case of a 10-year-old female patient with a 13x15cm volume increase in the maseterine region on the left side, diagnosed as Gorlin Goltz Syndrome with no hereditary antecedents.

Keywords:Syndrome; Gorlin-Goltz, Basal Cell carcinoma; Keratocysy; Chromosome

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