Palatal Therapy in A Child with Down Syndrome: Case Report

 

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) or chromosome 21 trisomy is a genetically provided human condition, it is a more common chromosomal alteration in humans. The presence of the extra chromosome in the genetic makeup determines specific physical characteristics in the oral cavity, such as orofacial muscle hypotonia and lingual protrusion. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical case of M.S patient, 11 months old, with Down syndrome, admitted to the children’s clinic of UNOESC, accompanied by her mother. In the clinical dental examination, the patient presents with Atresic palate, hypotonia and lingual protrusion, in addition to insufficient lip sealing, with indication for the use of the palatal memory plate (PPM) or Castillo Morales, a device indicated for those associated with functional diagnosis of hypotonia, with lingual protrusion, labial hypotonia, open mouth and craniofacial malformation. PPM promotes neuromuscular balance of the face and neck, and consequently affects the movements of the head and body, has the function of stimulating the tongue and upper lip and the development of nasal breathing. The treatment sequence followed the molding steps, making the model and, from there, the base plate was made in acrylic resin with extension, for adaptation in the child’s pacifier. After making the retentions on the lateral edges to stimulate the musculature of the mucosa and upper lip, the device was polished and adapted to the baby. It is intended that the device cause lingual retraction to the oral cavity, movements of stimulation of the lips and lip sealing. The recommended time for the child to use the device initially is five to ten minutes twice or three times a day, and as the child adapts to the device, the time of use increases.

Keywords: Pediatric dentistry; patients with special needs; jaw orthopedics

Abbreviations: DS: Down Syndrome; PPM: Palatal Memory Plate DS: Down Syndrome; PPM: Palatal Memory Plate

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